5 Books About Women in Tech

5 Books About Women in Tech As a woman in software development, I often think about ways to encourage and support other women who want to get involved in tech. One of those ways is by reading books about women in tech. This issue is particularly important because of the disparity of genders in the field. Studies have found this gap in gender begins at a young age. According to TechCrunch, 74% of young girls expressed interest in STEM fields and computer science, yet only 18% of computer science degrees are held by women. This suggests that somewhere along their journey to college, those girls were somehow deterred. The issue doesn’t improve once women hit the workforce. The rate at which women quit the tech field is double to that of men. This is not due to a lack of skill. If women are to get into and remain in tech, there needs to be drastic structural and cultural changes. However, these changes rarely occur all at once, so to start it may help for individuals to learn about and be aware of the stories of others. Heres five books about women in tech to get started.   *All synopses from Goodreads. Life in Code by Ellen Ullman “When Ellen Ullman moved to San Francisco and became a computer programmer in the late 1970s, she was joining an idealistic, exclusive, and almost exclusively male cadre that had dreams and aspirations to change the world…In Life in Code, Ullman presents a series of essays that unlock and explainâ€"and don’t necessarily celebrateâ€"how we got to now.” Read this if you want an introspective look at the last twenty years in tech from the viewpoint of a strong and accomplished woman who has been in the field from the beginning. Reset  by Ellen Pao “In 2015, Ellen K. Pao sued a powerhouse Silicon Valley venture capital firm, calling out workplace discrimination and retaliation against women and other underrepresented groups. Her suit rocked the tech worldâ€"and exposed its toxic culture and its homogeneity. Ellen K. Paos Reset is a rallying cryâ€"the story of a whistleblower who aims to empower everyone struggling to be heard, in Silicon Valley and beyond.” Read this if a) you want to understand the issue of toxic atmospheres that exist in many of the venture capital firms that fuel startup companies, or b) you want to feel empowered to stand up for yourself and fight back, despite the odds being stacked against you. Girls Who Code by Reshma Saujani “Since 2012, the organization Girls Who Code has been leading the charge to get girls interested in technology and coding. Now its founder, Reshma Saujani, wants to inspire you to be a girl who codes! Bursting with dynamic artwork, down-to-earth explanations of coding principles, and real-life stories of girls and women working at places like Pixar and NASA, this graphically animated book shows what a huge role computer science plays in our lives and how much fun it can be.” Read this if you have young girls in your life who might have an interest in the STEM fields or computer science. Hell, show this to them even if they don’t have an existing interest. Change starts with exposing women to the field from a young age and continuing to support them as they grow. Brotopia  by Emily Chang “For women in tech, Silicon Valley is not a fantasyland of unicorns, virtual reality rainbows, and 3D-printed lollipops, where millions of dollars grow on trees. Its a Brotopia, where men hold all the cards and make all the rules. Vastly outnumbered, women face toxic workplaces rife with discrimination and sexual harassment, where investors take meetings in hot tubs and network at sex parties. In this powerful exposé, Bloomberg TV journalist Emily Chang reveals how Silicon Valley got so sexist despite its utopian ideals…” Read this if a) you liked Ellen Pao’s book for its exposure of the toxic workplace environments that women in tech face, or b) you want to learn about how to take down the boy’s club in Silicon Valley. Female Innovators at Work: Women on Top of Tech by Danielle Newnham “This book describes the experiences and successes of female innovators and entrepreneurs in the still largely male-dominated tech-world in twenty candid interviews. It highlights the varied life and career stories that lead these women to the top positions in the technology industry that they are in now.” Read this if you want to read and learn from a wide range of perspectives of women in tech. Do you have any favorite stories about women in tech? Share them in the comments below!

Indulgences and their Role in the Reformation

An ‘indulgence’ was part of the medieval Christian church, and a significant trigger to the Protestant Reformation. Basically, by purchasing an indulgence, an individual could reduce the length and severity of punishment that heaven would require as payment for their sins, or so the church claimed. Buy an indulgence for a loved one, and they would go to heaven and not burn in hell. Buy an indulgence for yourself, and you neednt worry about that pesky affair youd been having. If this sounds like cash or good deeds for less pain, that is exactly what it was. To many holy people like German friar Martin Luther (1483–1546), this was against the teachings of the founder Jesus (4 BCE–33 CE), against the idea of the church, and against the point of seeking forgiveness and redemption. At the time Luther acted against indulgences, he was not alone in seeking change. Within a few years, European Christianity split apart during the revolution of the Reformation. The Development of Indulgences The medieval western Christian church—the Eastern Orthodox church followed a different path—included two key concepts which allowed indulgences to occur. Firstly, parishioners knew that after they died they were going to be punished for the sins they accumulated in life, and this punishment was only partly erased by good works (like pilgrimage, prayers or donations to charity), divine forgiveness, and absolution. The more an individual had sinned, the greater the punishment awaited them. Secondly, by the medieval era, the concept of purgatory had been developed. Rather than being damned to hell after death, a person would go to purgatory, where they would suffer whatever punishment was required to wash off the stain of their sins until they were freed. This system invited the creation of a method by which sinners could reduce their punishments, and as the idea of purgatory emerged, the pope gave bishops the power to reduce sinners penance while they were still alive, based on the performance of good deeds. It proved a highly useful tool to motivate a worldview where the church, God,  and sin were central. The indulgence system was formalized by Pope Urban II (1035–1099) during the Council of Clement in 1095. If an individual performed enough good deeds to earn a full or ‘Plenary’ indulgence from the Pope or lesser ranks of churchmen, all their sins (and punishment) would be erased. Partial indulgences would cover a lesser amount, and complex systems developed in which the church claimed they could calculate to the day how much sin a person had canceled. In time, much of the churchs work was done in this way: During the Crusades (instigated by Pope Urban II), many people participated on this premise, believing they could go and fight (often) abroad in return for their sins being canceled. Why They Went Wrong This system of reducing sin and punishment worked well to get the work of church done, but then it went, to the eyes of many reformers, hideously wrong. People who didn’t, or couldn’t, go on the crusades began to wonder whether some other practice might allow them to earn the indulgence. Perhaps something financial? So the indulgence came to be associated with people buying them, whether by offering to donate sums to charitable works, or by constructing buildings to praise the church and all the other ways money could be used. That practice began in the 13th century and was so successful that soon both government and church could take a percentage of the funds for their own uses. Complaints about selling forgiveness spread. A wealthy person could even buy indulgences for their ancestors, relatives, and friends who were already dead. The Division of Christianity Money had infested the indulgence system, and when Martin Luther wrote his 95 Theses in 1517 he attacked it. As the church attacked him back he developed his views, and indulgences were squarely in his sights. Why, he wondered, did the church need to accumulate money when the Pope could, really, just free everyone from purgatory by himself? The church fragmented under the stress, with many new sects throwing the indulgence system entirely out. In response and while not canceling the underpinnings, the Papacy banned the sale of indulgences in 1567 (but they still existed within the system). Indulgences were the trigger to centuries of bottled up anger and confusion against the church and allowed it to be cleaved into pieces. Sources and Further Reading Bandler, Gerhard. Martin Luther: Theology and Revolution. Trans., Foster Jr., Claude R. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.  Bossy, John. Christianity in the West 1400–1700. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press, 1985.  Gregory, Brad S. Salvation at Stake: Christian Martyrdom in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2009.  Marius, Richard. Martin Luther: The Christian between God and Death. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Roper, Lyndal. Martin Luther: Renegade and Prophet. New York: Random House, 2016.

John Coolidge, Calvin Coolidge And The President Of The...

He was born on July, 4th, 1872 and in Plymouth North, Vermont and died on January 5th, 1933 in Northampton, Massachusetts, and they couldn’t tell if he was dead or not because of his shy personality and many people questioned it. He was known for many names like, John Calvin Coolidge, Calvin Coolidge, and John Coolidge. He was a farmer, and his mom died when he was 12 and then his sister died a few years following. His son Calvin Jr, died from an infected splinter, he had 2 children and was known as a strict father. In 1905, he married Grace Anna Goodhue, who was a teacher for the deaf. He went to Amherst College and graduated in 1895. He was a lawyer. He liked to ride mechanical horses as much as he could, and when he would do it, he would act like he was a cowboy. He was the 30th president of the United States and was president from 1923 to 1929. He was a Republican. In the office he was known for his quiet demeanor which was called, â€Å"Silent Cal.† And he was also called â€Å"Smiley.† He was nominated in 1924. During the election, he didn’t just win the presidency but he also won the popular vote by 25 million more votes over his opponent(s) combined total. He was the first president to attend cabinet meeting and had addressed congress in December giving the first presidential speech to be broadcasted to the nation on the radio. Coolidge’s polices were strict. He refused to do a lot of things. During his presidency the â€Å"Roaring Twenties† was happening. He refused to recognizeShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Calvin Coolidge1083 Words   |  4 PagesCalvin Coolidge Calvin Coolidge, many young people have not heard the name Calvin Coolidge as theyre growing up. President Coolidge has earned the right of not being very known. He was known as â€Å"Silent Cal† because of the fact that he never really talked that much and because of his quiet demeanor. Because of this, he chose not to seek his second term. John Calvin Coolidge Jr. was born in the town of Plymouth Notch, Vermont on the 4th of July of 1872 to John Coolidge Sr. and Victoria JosephineRead MoreA Brief Lool at John Quincy Adams1051 Words   |  4 Pagessixth president of the United States of America named, John Quincy Adams. John Quincy Adams was born on July 11, 1767 in the town of Braintree, Massachusetts, which is now called Quincy, Massachusetts. Quincy is known as the City of Presidents because John Quincy and his father, John Adams both grew up in Quincy. However the town is named after Colonel John Quincy, who is Abigail Adams Father. Abigail Adams is John Quincy Adams mother, she named her son after her father. President AdamsRead MoreCalvin Coolidge Essay1817 Words   |  8 PagesCALVIN COOLIDGE John Calvin Coolidge, thirtieth President of the United States, was a quiet but brave man. His primary focus was on domestic issues within the United States. His childhood was hard, he pulled through and his life was a mirror of his strength. Calvin Coolidge did great things which were reflected in his personal life, his political upbringing, and his presidency until his death. Calvin Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872, in Plymouth Notch, Virginia. He was named after hisRead MoreEssay on Calvin Coolidge1943 Words   |  8 Pages On August 2, 1923, Calvin Coolidge was vacationing at his fathers home at Plymouth,Vermont when one night he was awakened by the tragic news of Warren Hardings death. Harding ,who had been on a public speaking tour of the West, when his health began to deteriorate, tried poorly to alleviate the scandal that have been plaguing his presidency. Praying by candlelight, Coolidge descended the stairs to the plain living room of his fathers house, lighted only by two kerosene lamps. Upon an old woodenRead Moreap us history dbq1672 Words   |  7 Pagesattempted or achieved all of the following EXCEPT C.:-) supported the creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. 3.The â€Å"New Immigration† was made up primarily of D.:-) persons from Southern and Eastern Europe. 4.By â€Å"normalcy† President Warren G. Harding meant not only peace after the recent war but also C.:-) an end to idealistic crusades and efforts at large-scale reform 5.Which of the following words best describes the spirit of American intellectuals in the 1920s? A. Read MoreThe Roaring Twenties Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesTwenties† encapsulates a captivating story that began with the return of young soldiers from the front of World War I. Those who had once courageously sacrificed their lives for America came home. They came home to adopt a new, regenerated lifestyle. President Warren Harding had inspired a resurgence of optimism and hope. So what was the next step in their lives? After dedicating themselves to the war effort, it was time to settle down. These men and women came back exhausted from the strenuous hardshipRead MorePresidents of The United States: The Short List2316 Words   |  10 Pagesthe United States 32nd president and was known by the initials FDR. He is recorded to be the most cosmopolitan individual American to have entered the white house and the only president to have served for more than two terms. According to the Siena Research Institute survey conducted a year after taking office by a new president, Fra nklin D. Roosevelt for the last five surveys (1982, 1990, 1994, 2002, and 2010) has been ranked as the top chief executive of all the times that the United States hasRead MoreSurprise, Security, And The American Experience980 Words   |  4 PagesSecret America: The Rise of the New American Security State. There are some books who are against America that don t hesitate to compare it to evil countries like Germany during ww2. Then there are book that claim that the CIA was actually behind the 9/11 attacks. Then there is Surprise, Security, and the American Experience, a non bias attempt to analyze America foreign policy in its real context and without any unwanted criticism. The author is John Lewis Gaddis, a historian of the cold war, who taughtRead MoreRoaring Twenties Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesThe twenties were the age of everything. It has been called the decade of enjoyment, employment, and for some, disappointment. The 20s were a decade to remember and it had an impact on the people living through it. During the 1920s the United States was in an economic high point. Following World War I people had more money to spend due to the wartime boom in the economy. People were able to buy products on credit, and pay small installments later. This process allowed people more freedomRead MoreEssay about Believing in the Paranormal1616 Words   |  7 Pagesof Americas most famous hauntings is believed to be that of the Bell Witch. The paranormal activities took place on American land now know as Adams, Tennessee. In 1817 1 when John Bell was working in his cornfields, he claimed to have seen an animal figure, one that appeared to have a dogs body and a rabbits head, and after shooting at it several times, the figure simply vanished. That evening, after returning to his home

Positive Child Guidance (Managing Challenging Behaviour †Tantrums and Biting) Free Essays

Focus It is important to remember that almost all young children display stages of â€Å"inappropriate† or challenging behaviours such as biting, tantrums, clinging or hitting at various times in their development. These behaviours are usually short-lived and typically improve with guidance and age. There are some children, however, whose challenging behaviours may increase and result in injury to self or others, cause damage to property, interfere with acquiring new skills and/or social isolation. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Child Guidance (Managing Challenging Behaviour – Tantrums and Biting) or any similar topic only for you Order Now This report investigates the possible causes for challenging behaviors (focusing primarily on tantrums and biting) in infants, toddlers and young children and positive child guidance strategies that are important as the basis for intervention and prevention. It is important to intervene in such a way that appropriate, pro-social behaviors are taught, modeled, and reinforced to ensure lifelong success. 18 June 2011 J M Badenhorst-Awasthi ID: 20090950 Introduction On average about 10 % of children younger than five display challenging behaviours (Tremblay, 2000). There has been an increase of children exhibiting challenging behaviours serious enough for parents and teachers to get concerned about disrupting family functioning and classroom routines (Powell, Dunlap and Fox, 2006). It is necessary for parents and teachers (adults) to work collaboratively in identifying causes of challenging behaviour and implementing relevant positive child guidance strategies that will promote pro-social and acceptable behaviour (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Pro-social / Acceptable Behaviour Conroy and Brown (2004) highlight the following skills or pro-social behaviours that children should acquire before the age of five (on average): Getting along with others Following directions Regulating and identifying emotions Conflict resolutions / solutions Persisting on a task Engaging in social conversations Cooperative play Positive Child Guidance [PCG] An increasingly familiar term in the field of Early Childhood Education is â€Å"Positive Child Guidance†. PCG techniques, instead of Punitive Discipline Techniques are endorsed by experts as the best way to respond to challenging behaviour (Flicker and Hoffman, 2002; Miller, 2007). PCG is a process wherein adults use certain strategies, e. g. reasoning, giving choices, problem-solving, negotiation and redirection, when dealing with challenging behaviour (Miller, 2007; Porter, 2003). Challenging behaviours (e. g. tantrums and biting) are seen as an opportunity for negotiation, learning and resolution, instead of something that requires children to be disciplined or punished for (Berk, 2006; Miller, 2007). Factors that influence challenging behaviour According to Flicker and Hoffman (2004) there are various factors that influence challenging behaviour: ? ? ? ? ? Emotional: boredom, anxiety, low self-esteem, fear, overstimulation Family: sibling rivalry, divorce, domestic violence, abuse Classroom: overcrowding, too much clutter, excessive noise Physical: hunger, fatigue, illness, soiled nappy Learning difficulties: speech and language, ADD/ADHD Environmental: poor housing, poverty, community violence Before deciding on the most effective guidance strategy it is v ery important for adults to consider the (potential) contributing factors. PCG is not a â€Å"one-size-fits-all† approach. It involves developing a close, trusting relationship with the children and parents and â€Å"individualizing† approaches (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). TANTRUMS Definition A tantrum / temper tantrum is an emotional outburst, usually associated with children that are in emotional distress. Typical characteristics are crying, screaming, defiance, anger, stubbornness, ranting, resisting attempts to be pacified and sometimes hitting or kicking (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Tantrums most commonly happen when children believe (wrongly or rightly) that their wants (not necessarily their needs) are not being met (Ministry of Education [MoE], 1996). Typically tantrums will occur in children aged between 16 months and three / four years (Berk, 2006). Influencing Factors The physical environment may affect young children’s behaviour, e. g. inadequate space, noise levels and traffic patterns in the classroom (Miller, 2007; Strain and Hemmeter, 1999). Classroom schedules and routines may be a factor. Children need routines but with some flexibility. It is often the transition times that prove most problematic (Miller, 2007). Children might learn (after the first tantrum) that it is an effective way to get what they want and therefore keep repeating this behaviour (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Tantrums might occur when a child wants a toy that is being used by another child (jealousy) (Conroy and Brown, 2004). Often tantrums will happen when an adult says â€Å"no† to a child e. g. when changing or leaving an activity or fun place (e. g. when it’s time for tea / lunch) or when asked to do something they don’t want to do (e. g. cleaning up) (Tremblay, 2002). A CNN Health Report concluded that there are neurological influences for tantrums. The prefrontal cortex, (part of the brain), which is responsible for emotional and social regulation is not yet developed in children and they are therefore less likely to have the required skills to negotiate a more controlled behaviour (New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, 2003). Positive Child Guidance Strategies Teachers should make use of observations to establish which factor(s) is/are influencing tantrums. Only by understanding the factor can appropriate strategies be applied (Miller, 2007). There should be minimal disruptive transitions and fair warning before it occurs. Ensure children know the routine. Teachers should model and praise appropriate behaviour (Miller, 2007). Adults should not give up / give in when a child has a tantrum. Children might learn that a tantrum is an effective and immediate means of getting what they want. Other children might learn and copy this behaviour (Alter and Conroy, 2006). Careful planning is very important. Teachers should identify potential triggers and formulate solutions in advance (MoE, 1996). Children with a tendency for tantrums should be encouraged to do relaxing activities such as water play, play dough or the sandpit. It is inappropriate to expect toddlers to sit for long periods of time or to engage in large group activities. It is better to arrange short, engaging mat times and small group activities (Slee and Hemmeter, 1999). It is important to have enough toys so that all children have an opportunity to play at the same time. Some centres will deliberately have less toys to encourage problem-solving and negotiation skills. Through observations teachers should identify high interest toys and possible tantrums (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). BITING Definition Biting is a distressing and common behaviour for children aged between fourteen months and two years (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Influencing Factors Probably the most common factor for biting is that children of this age are frustrated when they are unable to use words to communicate their needs or wants. Toddlerhood is a time of strong emotions and few words. It is a time of many changes and the feelings (coupling these changes) can sometimes lead to biting (Berk, 2006). Changes that bring about strong emotions and stress can makes children more prone to biting, e. g. otty training, transitioning to a different room (age group in the centre) or a new sibling (Conroy and Brown, 2004). Sometimes infants and young toddlers might bite when they are teething. Biting eases the irritation and pain of teething (Berk, 2006; Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Hunger and thirst could also be an influencing factor (Berk, 2006). Infants use biting and sucking as a means of exploring and making sense of the physical world. Most objects (that is big enough) will go into an infant/ toddler’s mouth (Slee and Hemmeter, 1999). Sometimes children bite when they actually want to kiss someone (Conroy and Brown, 2004). Biting may occur when children are seeking attention. This behaviour mostly causes disturbance and focuses the adult’s attention on the child who bites. Children could also investigate / experiment the cause and effect of biting – seeing / testing what will happen when biting (Conroy and Brown, 2004). Positive Child Guidance Strategies It is important for adults to talk to the child and acknowledge that these changes can be difficult and give the child the opportunity to express their feelings appropriately (Berk, 2006; Alter and Conroy, 2006). Teachers can ask the parents if the child has a favourite â€Å"teething toy†. For toddlers a teething ring / toy can be pinned to their clothes (attached to a short string) and older children can carry a toy in their pockets. Adults should encourage children to use it when they feel like biting. Some children are comforted by a frozen teething toy as this numbs the area and eases discomfort more. For infants and toddlers the adult can wet a cloth and put it in the freezer. The child can easily suck and chew on this (Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003). Toddlers and young children should not go for more than two hours without food. It is also important that adults regularly offer children liquids as well. To ease late morning tendency of biting adults can offer a mid-morning snack that is crunchy and chewy such as pretzels, rice crackers or biscuits (Slee and Hemmeter, 1999). Adults should ensure that the objects that infants play with are not small enough to swallow. To measure the size of objects try fitting it inside a toilet paper roll. If it fits then it is too small. Adults should ensure that appropriate teething toys are available (Slee and Hemmeter, 1999). Teach children the appropriate way of showing affection. How to kiss or hug can be taught. Children should first be taught to consider whether children want a hug or kiss. Adults should teach children to listen to the words that people use when they don’t want to be kissed (Conroy and Brown, 2004). To teach the child who has bitten empathy get him/her involved in calming and caring for the person who was bitten (e. g. getting an ice pack). If they see the obvious pain and discomfort and adults asking prompting questions it might discourage a child from biting again (Porter, 2003). Factors and Strategies for both Tantrums and Biting There are some factors that may lead to both tantrums and biting which include boredom or frustration when children are not adequately engaged with peers, teachers or materials and activities in the centre or at home. Adults should ensure that the materials and activities are engaging, challenging and entertaining for all ages and stages of development. Children should be given a choice of activities which may minimize boredom or frustration (Porter, 2003). Feelings of jealousy or the need for love / attention could also cause tantrums and biting. It is important that adults treat each child equally and fairly. Adults should be consistent in PCG strategy so children can know the boundaries, expectations and acceptable behaviour (Flicker and Hoffman, 2002). . There is a relationship between language inefficiency and challenging behaviours. Children with a language inability will often use tantrums or biting (although inappropriate) to communicate their needs (Hemmeter and Ostrosky, 2006). Hyter (2003) suggest that adults should help develop language skills through songs, repetitions and reading books (See Appendix C) so that children can express themselves verbally instead of resorting to tantrums or biting (Porter, 2003). Conclusion This report highlighted various factors that influence challenging behaviour (tantrums and biting). For this reason adults (teachers and parents) should work collaboratively in identifying the influencing factor(s) and applying the most effective and appropriate prevention and intervention strategies to increase compliance and the child’s development of self regulation and appropriate pro-social behaviours (Berk, 2006; Fox, Dunlap and Cushing, 2002; Kaiser and Rasminsky, 2003; Miller, 2007 ). How to cite Positive Child Guidance (Managing Challenging Behaviour – Tantrums and Biting), Papers

The differences between going to university and working after high school graduation free essay sample

Going to university or working after high school graduation After graduating from high school, students have to decide whether to go for higher education in university or start working immediately. This decision will mark an important milestone in their life due to the distinctions between these two options. There are several differences that worth considering. Firstly, knowledge can be seen as an obvious one. Students only learn fundamental knowledge during high school while they can acquire further understanding in their own interested major in university. What they get from high school may not relate to their job; by contrast, in university they are trained to work in particular fields such as science, law, economics, etc. In addition, exposing early to the real working world helps them gain more practical experiences compared with university life. Working after high school also differs from studying in university mentioning to financial aspects. Instead of earning a living and becoming independent of parents, students have to pay for tuition fees, living cost for at least 4 years before get a full time job and live on their own. We will write a custom essay sample on The differences between going to university and working after high school graduation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In terms of future career, low education level means difficulties in salary and employment. On the other hand, having a bachelor’s degree will ensure a well-paid job and the chance of gaining promotion in the future. In conclusion, going to university or working after high school graduation will drive students’ life into two separate ways in regard to knowledge and financial aspects. It is very important for each individual to ponder before choosing the most suitable path to success in the future.

The Impact of Olympic Games on Supply Management

The Impact of Olympic Games on Supply Management Abstract The fact that Olympic Games are to be held next year, it is important to analyze some of the issues relating to the supply of products. This also includes factors of importance to the companies as they prepare to have the service delivery of their best suit, as well as, the most vital considerations in the pursuit of such goals (McCarthy, 2011, p.1).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Impact of Olympic Games on Supply Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Here, let me say that London being the host of the great event, it is important for suppliers and companies at large to have the best preparation before the event. This will save them a lot of agony, which could arise from the failure to plan, in addition to constant reaction disparities. Therefore, it is important to focus on some of the factors that the companies might be undergoing in the pre-preparation of the event with regard to the issues tha t are arising to them now, those that will be portrayed in the actual event also the resultant effects of the whole event thereafter. Possessing the knowledge of the markets as it relates to issues of delivery of products precisely supply as well as the factors that affect the channels and modes of supply, the issue of Olympics games in London is of major concern. This is because it raises various sensitive considerations as it pertains to the companies and their readiness for the event. This paper will therefore, seek to answer the question, why do companies seem unprepared for the Olympic Games in London? This will be based on the article provided for review as well as the actual analysis of management issues relating to supply in the usual market and the issue of disaster management. Introduction To begin with, the article analyzes the previous market behaviors as they relate to issues of supply and the essence of future strategic planning. The Olympic season here is compared to Christmas season in terms of companies’ operations requirements (Albert 1). This is because of the peak, with reference to operative considerations of organizations. It is presumed that even though buyers may not feel directly impacted by such occurrences, their respective supply chains are significantly affected.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A managerial perspective of the situation is given by the UK country’s manager Humphries, where he denoted that a greater risk is even projected in a situation where the customer is not preferred by the supplier. This is because in terms of supply, prioritizing the customer will get a very low position and might end up running short of supply or getting none (Blackstone, 1989). The most advised aspect of the companies getting supplies from similar suppliers to those of the Olympics are in the actual sense in a very dangerous position. This is because when it comes to supplying for them as well as the Olympics they may get the second position in priorities. This is a major threat to the supply requirements of the companies, as it would render them unreliable to their customers and eventually losing the customers. The mentioned risk however, can be mitigated through the establishment of better control of inventories, which will help in the elimination of the error of underestimation or overestimation of demand (Sollish Semanik, 2007). The impact of Olympic Games on the supply of products Actually, some companies will choose to take advantage and use the Olympic branded products seeking to obtain maximum demand of the products. However, such companies ought to be extremely careful when it comes to purchasing because of the risk of being new in the Olympics trade. Another risk relating to the use of the branded products is, though at first they may be well selling, and giving appealing ret urns, they might turn to be a very big disappointment after certain occasions. This is with reference to the case of the 2010 rebranded products whose demand significantly fell after England had dropped out of the tournament. However, this should not hinder the suppliers from accessing the benefits of the branded products, but it is only aimed at cautioning them to be flexible and take advantage of supplies when necessary. The issue of disruption however, is not the only concern for the buyers hindering them from preparation of their contingent plans. Other issues have also been playing a role in the interference with such planning. These include the unrest that has been noticed in the United Kingdom, as well as, the issue of weather disparities.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Impact of Olympic Games on Supply Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been realized that in most cases, organizations ar e not prepared in advance for the day-to-day unforeseen risks. The organizations in the recent past have not been considerate of the disruption impact brought about by the Games. It is further noted in the article that some suppliers who do their businesses in a small scale have not considered the factor of business continuity sufficiency, which is the main threat on the companies not anticipating for wellbeing of the Olympic Games. Effective supply chain aims at eventually getting the operations back up and ensure the sufficient consistency of the operations. The second thing to consider in the discussion on the readiness for the Olympic Games is that of the supply chains. These chains are facing increased pressures and the purchasers should be ready for it. However, as the Olympic Games get closer, it has been noticed that most of the purchasers have realized the potential too late about the essence of disruption of the supply chains. The exception of the percentage of companies t hat are anticipating and preparing for a disruption as it pertains to the games is 40%, and this is a considerably small figure as compared to the initial performances portrayed. A research to identify the notions and perceptions of the purchasers on issues relating to the supply chain showed that more than four fifths did not think there were any problems associated with the supply chain, which in this situation is a very vital issue of consideration as it relates to the companies’ preparedness for the Olympic Games. Further survey showed that 58 percent did not hold any plans that would be of use in the event that such problems came up. Quoting the statement made by John Mile who is a procurement consultant, it is evident that the effects on the supply chains on an issue relating to the supply chains are inevitable.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This time round therefore, during the Olympics it should be among the suppliers’ considerations to meet these inevitable business surcharges and therefore planning for them should be amongst their most recent and considered a list of priorities (Sollish Semanik, 2007). These inevitable surcharges therefore, require the suppliers to plan and ensure that their councils are strategically protected from any risks they might face. The Olympics therefore, might have a big impact on business continuity. It is presumed that due to the issue that will be accruing to the London Olympics, anyone who at that time will be operating business in and around London must have an issue however, adequately they prepare. In the recent past however, some of the internal risks analysis on the forecasting of the Olympic Games have been underway and the main intend of the analysis is looking at the discovery of alternate working ways which may include stock piling the necessary resources before the start of the Games (Sollish Semanik,2007). Let me now focus on some of the major companies in the London markets also those that are intending to be involved in trading during the Olympic Games. Here, a critical look on the Dixons retail, the company feels that it is ready to handle any issues, which might arise relating to matters of operational considerations, as well as, marketing opportunities. They are different in that in their business consideration unlike other companies who give the first priority to the trading aspect and profit maximization, their major focus is on the expectations for a disruption. In preparation for these, they have already built into their initial plans extra capacity for the accommodation of such disruptions as projected concerning the activities of Olympic Games. Supply chains play a major role in the determination of how reactions in the workplace as issues of riots are treated also their effects to a company’s profitability. What remains to be seen is that contingency planning is a major attribute towards the effective decision making also the eventual solution analysis in the companies’ activities. James Jaggard the best way to avoid disruptions is only through building of reliable and considerably good relationships with vendors. The companies that have used this approach in the preparation of the Olympic Games activities feel that their supply chains will not be negatively impacted and business will go on as usual (Sollish Semanik, 2007). An applicable methodology is the utilization of the existing long-term contracts also the existent partnership agreements as possible. This as per the article is aimed at ensuring that the supplier chain changes are greatly limited as they could lead to project delays as well as, an act as a major financial risk. Where there are no flexible vendors, deals like the one mentioned above due to the lack of good relationships with them, Jaggard believes that the place where act ion should begin is at the identification of the strategic also the technical suppliers who are critical to the business. In the advice of Jaggard, it is important to realize that some of the technicalities that can be handled include the measure of capacity and capability, an understanding of the customers of your supply, the understanding of an own spending profile as well and the supplier’s capability of your own (Cavinato, Flynn Kauffman, 2004). The beliefs of purchasers differ significantly in that other purchasers believe that their focus in terms of risks accruing to them is the future prices. However, this can be treated in due consideration of the activities of making strategies that counter the rise in prices in that a reconsideration of the initial specifications of the products and work on re-designing the whole product for the purpose of changing how well it suits the particular market. Considerations The article ends by giving a review of certain considerations , which are the main attributes of impact assessment. These considerations are the activities of the organization to extend lead times with suppliers in advance aiming at factoring in the possible issues. A good example of how this could be done is through the updating of the Information technology system. Secondly, the organizations should seek to find out possible alternatives for transport and the distribution where goods could be delivered effectively whenever the necessity arises as this could curb disruption issues. There is also need to assess the possibilities of business continuity plans of the partners in the supply chain as well as the ones of your own organization. Back-up servers for the protection of the IT department should be harnessed. A given possession of the article portrays that shortage as the case of fuel should be prioritized and curtailed. Too much reliance on a particular vendor should be avoided since this leads to disparity in the sense that it is acknowl edged for dependence by different suppliers to obtain vendors at will (Trent, 2007). Alternative sources of business critical supplies and enhances ease of access. Payment ought to be backed- up also systems to ensure that vendors continue to be paid no matter the payment circumstances. All the above information as it pertains to the article shows the varied impacts of Olympic Games also the levels of preparedness portrayed by companies as pertains the games. However, the analysis does not clarify the essence of management in the case of London companies also the issues of effects has not been clearly brought out as per the different aspects the Games might impact the companies (Sollish Semanik,2007). Therefore, it is important to note that the most suitable steps should be analyzed considering the various contributions of management. In addition to this, it is important to focus on how these vary to suppliers in the case of a great event like the Olympics in London also in ensurin g that the main aspects of preparedness in supplies and factors of forecasting as well as, good strategic planning are in their rightful positions. Supply management concisely describes the process of corporate or institutional buying. This is mainly in terms of buying for internal as well as, external uses of goods and services. In most of the organizational set ups, buying is mainly contractual between the buying and selling parties for the considerable amounts referred to as price (Trent, 2007). This price is in most cases monetary in nature. In the case of Olympic preparation by the London markets, it is important to realize that in the first place, these companies ought to strategize effectively if they are to win the disruption effects, which might arise in the course of service delivery to customers. Before the actual Games, which are due by several months, companies are facing major challenges in terms of forecasting. Here, companies should be in the frontline to work out st rategies, which will ensure that the problems, which might arise in the due course of operations during the Olympics also the events thereafter, are favorable to their operations. Let me say that strategizing gets a bit tricky when location cannot be predetermined (Hayes, Gary, and Upton, 1996). For instance, it is a matter of fact that the companies ought to forecast the places of residence for many fans, which cannot be predetermined as the interest of people, are very dynamic also, every service provider is in the pursuit of giving the best offers to attract the majority of the customers (Cavinato, Flynn Kauffman, 2004). Therefore, it gets very hard for companies to project specific places to work on in terms of analyzing how supplies will be enhanced in the respective places. This therefore, brings a tragedy in that it is also not possible to invest equally in all areas and ensure an analysis of supplies in all areas is intensified. The companies therefore, in preparation for t he Olympic Games are facing major challenges in terms of the ease of analysis of the supply needs as well as lack of adequate resources to help in financing the required activities due to fear of taking the great risk of investment in the activity (Tersine, 1982). The only solution that can be reached in this case is only to ensure that operations at the company’s level are intensified as well as the motivation for companies to take great risks and make major investments. The second perspective to work from is the issue of the problems that the companies might face during the actual games. Here, it is important to realize that since most of the companies will not have effectively strategized, the risk of shortage of supplies is likely to result. There are possibilities that due to congestion in the towns which in fact will result from the population seeking to be part of the competition the issue of poor system of supply may arise. Here, the main considerations are the access ibility of the areas of delivery, which most probably will be less accessible since most of the people will be heading to the outlets to get their shares of products (Simchi-levi Kaminsky, 2004). On the issue of the major outlets, it will be noted that because of congestion, which might reduce the accessibility of the retail areas, people may opt for the major supply areas where congestion will result and the results of congestion are usually reduced levels of efficiency in operations as well as reduced accountability of transactions. Therefore, for those who might not have planned, their purchasers will be prone to failures in accessibility as well as shortages of goods. For those who might have reliable strategies to work with during the period, there is a risk that they might have invested so much in their operational plans that they might not get returns enough to compensate them as well as gaining those profits. In addition, some of the planners might be disadvantaged in that their strategies might work against the actual happenings of the Olympic Games. When such happens, it is a main disadvantage in that the eventual process and costs of the strategy is useless and the financial result could ruin the business due to the failure of returns from an investment (Simchi-levi Kaminsky, 2004). Aftermath of the Olympic Games The third perspective of the Olympic Games is the factors that may affect the companies after the actual Games. Here, the discussion will take three courses. The first one involves the companies that will have participated in the supply during the actual games, secondly will be the companies that had intended to take part but their strategies did not work for the Games and the third group encompasses those that never participated at all. The companies that will be favored by the activates of the Olympic Games are bound to get considerably very high profit returns from it and eventually increase their scope of operations as well as booster their cooperate image which might lead to them extending their functionality globally (Rose and Spiegel, 2011, p.1). Therefore, it is important to note that however, a shortcoming of such participating organization would be a lack of efficient resources to use later, the returns obtained from the venture would be adequate to acquire the organization resources from any location (Cavinato, Flynn Kauffman, 2004). For companies that will have been interested in the venture but their strategies failed them, the makeup activity for them will be a hard one since such risks might end up in giving the company a financial crisis which might end up to the closure of companies that lack a wide market share. However, the companies may recuperate through action of aggressive advertisement to ensure that they re-attain a major market share also to give them the capacity to work for the organizations wellbeing. The third category of the companies in due consideration of the effects of the Olympic Games as forecasted is the group that will not take part at all in the affairs of the Olympic Games (Preuss, 2000). Here, let me say that these companies will be improved in terms of the economies of scale of the other companies but dealing with similar products. Therefore, they will directly benefit from the policies that may be made pertaining to their line of service delivery by the legislation. Conclusion In summation, it is worth to note that supply chains are very sensitive chains in the delivery of service to customers. Therefore, London ought to take advantage of the activity in their country and maximize from the opportunity in that they should allow for more flexible rates and terms of operations during the Games to accommodate a wider audience for business. Reference List Albert, A. 2011. Ready for anything. Supply Chain Management. Web. Blackstone, H. 1989. Capacity Management. Cincinnati: South-Western Publishing. Cavinato, J. L., Flynn, A. E., Kauffman, R. G. 2006. T he supply management  handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill. Hayes, R., Gary, P., and Upton, M. 1996. Strategic Operations: Competing through  Capabilities. New York: Free Press. McCarthy, S. 2011. Sustaining Olympic Sustainability. Supply Chain Management. Web. Pooler, V. H., Pooler, D. J., Farney, S. D. 2004. Global purchasing and supply management. Boston, Mass: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Preuss, H. 2000. Economics of the Olympic Games: Hosting the Games 1972-2000, Petersham, Walla Walla Press. Rose, A., and Spiegel, M. 2009. The Olympic Effect. Centre for Economic Policy Research. Web. Simchi-levi, D., Kaminsky, P., Simchi-levi, E., 2004. Managing the supply chain: the definitive guide for the business professional. New York: McGraw-Hill. Sollish., F., Semanik., J. (2007). The procurement and supply managers desk reference. Hoboken: NJ, J. Wiley. Tersine, R. 1982. Principles of Inventory and Materials Management. New York: Elsevier Science Publishing. Trent, R. J., 2007. Strat egic supply management: creating the next source of competitive advantage. Ft. Lauderdale: Ross Publishers.

Make The Enter Key Work Like Tab in Delphi Applications

Make The Enter Key Work Like Tab in Delphi Applications We know that, generally, pressing the Tab key moves the input focus to next control and Shift-Tab to previous in the tab order of the form. When working with Windows applications, some users intuitively expect the Enter key to behave like a Tab key. There is a lot of third-party code for implementing better data entry processing in Delphi. Here are a few of the best methods out there (with some modifications). Examples below are written with the assumption that there is no default button on the form. When your form contains a button whose Default property is set to True, pressing Enter at runtime executes any code contained in the buttons OnClick event handler. Enter as Tab The next code causes Enter to behave like Tab, and ShiftEnter like ShiftTab: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~procedure TForm1.Edit1KeyPress (Sender: TObject; var Key: Char) ;begin  Ã‚   If Key #13 Then Begin  Ã‚  Ã‚   If HiWord(GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)) 0 then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SelectNext(Sender as TWinControl,False,True)  Ã‚  Ã‚   else  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SelectNext(Sender as TWinControl,True,True) ;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Key : #0  Ã‚   end;end;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ in DBGrid If you want to have similar Enter (ShiftEnter) processing in DBGrid: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~procedure TForm1.DBGrid1KeyPress (Sender: TObject; var Key: Char) ;begin  Ã‚   If Key #13 Then Begin  Ã‚  Ã‚   If HiWord(GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)) 0 then begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with (Sender as TDBGrid) do  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if selectedindex 0 then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : selectedindex - 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   DataSource.DataSet.Prior;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : fieldcount - 1;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚  Ã‚   end else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with (Sender as TDBGrid) do  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if selectedindex (fieldcount - 1) then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : selectedindex 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   DataSource.DataSet.Next;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : 0;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚   Key : #0  Ã‚   end;end;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ More Info on Delphi Applications Keyboard Symphony  Get familiar with the OnKeyDown, OnKeyUp, and onKeyPress event procedures to respond to various key actions or handle and process ASCII characters along with other special purpose keys. What Does #13#10 Stand for, in Delphi Code?  If you are wondering what those characters stand for, heres the answer.